What is Orthopedic Surgery?
Orthopedic surgery is the medical specialty involving the surgical treatment of problems that develop in the musculoskeletal system, it encompasses bones, muscles, joints, and ligaments of the human body. It addresses some problems of the nervous system, such as those that occur as a result of injury or degeneration of the spine, as well as those caused by accident, trauma or chronic conditions. Orthopedic surgery is a surgical specialty that plays a role in restoring mobility, function, and quality of life for individuals with musculoskeletal disorders.
Orthopedic surgeons are highly trained physicians who possess specialized expertise in the surgical and non-surgical management of a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, ranging from acute injuries to chronic degenerative diseases.
Surgery can correct problems of the nervous system related to the spinal column, congenital defects and musculoskeletal issues caused by aging. Examples of orthopedic conditions include slipped disc, torn meniscus, damaged hip joints and damaged knee cartilage.
Other common orthopedic conditions include:
- Fractures
Broken bones, ranging from simple to complex, requiring surgical intervention for stabilization and healing. - Joint Disorders
This inclues Arthritis, a degenerative joint diseases, Rheumatoid Arthritis, an autoimmune disease causing inflammation and damage to the joints, and Joint Replacements, a surgical procedures to replace damaged joints. - Spinal Disorders
This includes Degenerative Disc Disease, age-related wear and tear of the intervertebral discs, Herniated Disc, A condition where the inner core of an intervertebral disc protrudes and compresses nerves, Spinal Stenosis, the narrowing of the spinal canal, which compresses the spinal cord and nerves. - Sports Injuries
This include Ligament Tears, Tendon Injuries, and Meniscus Tears.
Our dedicated teams of experienced multidisciplinary specialists and healthcare professionals work together to provide treatment plans tailored to the needs of our patients on their recovery journey.
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Conditions We Treat
Fractures
A fracture is the medical definition of a cracked or broken bone.
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Spondylosis
Spondylosis refers to degenerative changes in the spine. Constant wear and tear of the discs and cartilage of the spine can lead to spondylosis.
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Degenerative Disc Disease
A disc comprises the outer annulus and the inner nucleus pulposus. Degenerative disc disease occurs when the structure of the disc changes with ageing. An injury to the disc can sometimes accelerate this process.
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Spinal Fractures
Breaks in any of the bones in the spinal column are called spinal fractures. A break can happen because of trauma or softening of the bones, as seen in osteoporosis.
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Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles tendonitis, also known as tendinopathy, is a common sports injury and refers to the inflammation of the Achilles tendon.
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Ankle Sprains & Fractures
Ankle sprains and fractures are caused by awkward twisting or force on the ankle bones that may result in excessive tearing or stretching of one or more ligaments or a break of the ankle bones.
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Flat Feet
Flat feet or fallen arches happen when that arch is very shallow or absent.
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Bunions
Bunions are a deformity of the big toe joint and are formed usually as a result of pressure on the big toe. When the big toe is pushed in towards the rest of the toes, the continual pressure on the toe joint forces the joint out of its normal position.
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Anterior Ligament Tear (ACL)
The ACL is a tough band of tissue joining the thigh bone to the shin bone at the knee joint. It runs diagonally through the inside of the knee and gives the knee joint stability. A tear happens when a complete or partial rupture happens to this ligament.
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Knee Fracture
A fracture to the patella or knee cap can commonly come from direct impact from a fall or vehicle accident. Also, strong muscles in the thigh suddenly contracting can cause the knee cap to crack.
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Hip & Knee Joint Replacement
A hip or knee joint replacement is surgery to remove and replace a damaged or arthritic joint with a prosthesis or artificial joint. This may be considered only when other treatment options to improve function or relieve pain have failed.
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Gout
Gout is a form of arthritis that causes swelling of the joints due to high levels of uric acid in the body. The kidneys filter uric acid and excrete it from the body through urine. Crystals form in the joints when excessive levels of uric acid build-up, causing swelling and excruciating pain. The pain can last for several days to a few weeks and this condition damages the tendon, joints, and other tissues.
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Rotator Cuff Tear
An injury to the rotator cuff can come from the degeneration of the tissues or a specific incident like a fall. A certain repeated arm movement can also be a cause.
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Frozen Shoulder
Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is where pain and stiffness are felt in the shoulder joint. This mostly affects adults between the ages of 40 and 60. Also, having diabetes is a risk factor.
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Dislocated Shoulder
A dislocated shoulder occurs when the ball-shaped head of the upper arm bone or humerus is forced out of its socket. This happens often in sports and traffic accidents.
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Tennis Elbow
A tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is an overuse injury that results in pain for the tendons connecting the wrist and fingers and the lateral epicondyle, a bony protrusion on the elbow. Repeated actions in tennis and similar sports can lead to a tennis elbow. But the condition can be felt by anyone who is engaged in repeated upper arm movements related to recreation, work or everyday activities. Repeated extending and flexing of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon with impact force, like in hitting a tennis ball, can give rise to microscopic tears where the tendon meets the lateral epicondyle. The tears can give rise to pain, tenderness, and stiffness when bending or straightening the elbow.
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Elbow Dislocation
Dislocating the elbow often arises from trauma, like falling onto an extended arm and hand. The impact felt pushes the elbow out of its socket and a fracture or dislocation follows. Sporting activities such as gymnastics or skateboarding are associated with having a dislocated elbow. An elbow dislocation can be partial or full.
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Trigger Finger or Thumb
stenosing tenosynovitis, finger, thumb, trigger finger, trigger thumb, pain, tendon, bone, stiffness, tenderness
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist resulting in numbness, tingling, and weakness. This nerve provides sensation to the thumb, index and middle fingers, and half of the ring finger.
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Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a bone condition which occurs when bones lose their strength and thickness, this is due to loss of minerals such as calcium at a rate higher than the body can replace.
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disorder that affects the joints. One of the many forms of arthritis,it causes joint deformity and bone erosion. This autoimmune disease causes the body’s immune system to attack healthy tissues. The cells in the joints break down the cartilage and inflame the tissue that lines the joints, causing friction between the bones in the joint. This condition causes severe debilitating pain that requires painkillers.
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Slipped Disc
A slipped disc is also known as a herniated disc and is a medical condition where there is a tear in the outer ring of the spinal disc. The spinal discs act like support cushions in between the vertebrae, which make up the spinal column. The spinal column is made up of 23 discs and are positioned between the vertebra.
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Bone Cancer
Bone cancer or bone sarcoma is caused by an abnormal and uncontrollable growth of the bone cells and cartilage. Bone cancer can develop in any bone in the body. Secondary or metastatic bone cancer originates from another part of your body but is spread to the bone. The condition affects people of all ages.
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Scoliosis
The human body usually shows an S-curve in an X-ray from the side. If there is an S-curve seen from the front or back, scoliosis may be present.
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Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and is a degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage in the joints. The cartilage that cushions and protects the joints is damaged over time, causing the bones to rub against each other. Areas most affected are the knees, carpal joints, spine, and hips. This friction leads to pain and stiffness during movement and can also cause loss of flexibility and swelling at the joints. Pain can cause difficulty in walking, climbing the stairs, and performing everyday tasks.
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Hip Joint Disorder
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket synovial joint linking the pelvic and thighbones and allows stability and mobility. Hip problems are very common and hip joint pain and hip bone pain usually involves the muscles and nerves in the pelvis area. The hips also maintain balance and postures like sitting, standing, running, and walking. Hip problems can be debilitating as it affects mobility and movement in day-to-day life. Hip joint damage is caused by chronic conditions like damaged hip joints, inflammatory arthritis, sprains and fractures.
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Knee Joint Disorder
The knee is one of the largest and most complex joints in the body that is vital for movement and connects the thigh bone, shin bone, fibula and kneecap.Cartilage is a connective tissue found in many parts of the body and acts as a cushion between the bones of joints. Damaged knee cartilage causes severe pain, inflammation, and disability and can be caused by injury, wear and tear and conditions like osteoarthritis.
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Medical Tests We Provide
Neuroradiology
Neuroradiology is a subspecialty of radiology focusing on the diagnosis and characterisation of disorders and abnormalities of the central and peripheral nervous system, spine, head and neck using neuroimaging techniques.Disorders of the brain, head and neck can be diagnosed with a variety of imaging techniques such as CT Scan, ultrasound and MRI.
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CT Scan
A computed tomography or CT scan is a non-invasive and painless test that is conducted to obtain a precise image inside of a body. Using a technology that gives a more detailed image than a standard x-ray can, images produced by a CT scan includes the bones, organs and muscle that help in making accurate diagnoses. CT scans are normally requested as a more detailed procedure after a standard x-ray is performed.
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Musculoskeletal Radiology
Musculoskeletal imaging is a subspecialty of diagnostic radiology that diagnoses and detects inuries and diseases from images of bones, joints and associated soft tissues
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Bone Mineral Densitometry
Bone loss for both men and women comes with age. However, women have a higher risk of getting osteoporosis than men. Hormone changes at menopause affect bone density directly. After menopause, the estrogen levels, which are essential for healthy bones, fall, causing a rapid decrease in bone density.
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Treatments We Offer
Osteoarthritis Treatment
Osteoarthritis is the most common forms of arthritis and is a degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage in the joints.
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Osteoporosis Treatment
Osteoporosis is a bone condition which occurs when bones lose their strength and thickness, this is due to loss of minerals such as calcium at a rate higher than the body can replace. The bones, especially in the hip, spine and wrist, become less dense, more fragile and can break more easily. Treating osteoporosis involves treating and preventing fractures, and using medicines to strengthen bones.
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Hip & Knee Joint Replacement
A hip or knee joint replacement is surgery to remove and replace a damaged or arthritic joint with a prosthesis or artificial joint. This may be considered only when other treatment options to improve function or relieve pain have failed.
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Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Rheumatoid arthritis has no cure but several treatments can help alleviate its painful symptoms. They include medications that relieve pain, reduce inflammation and stop the immune system from triggering inflammation that causes joint and tissue damage. Therapy to help keep joints flexible ,and surgery to repair damaged joints that do not respond to medications that prevent or slow joint damage are other forms of treatment. Surgery such as Makoplasty surgery may help restore your ability to use your joint and reduce pain and improve function.
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Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is the process of restoring and regaining the loss of a variety of physical, mental, and/or cognitive abilities needed for daily life. The loss may be due to ageing or a health condition, including chronic diseases or disorders, injuries or traumas.
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