How is Osteoporosis treated?
Osteoporosis is a bone condition which occurs when bones lose their strength and thickness due to loss of minerals such as calcium, at a rate higher than the body can replace. The bones, especially in the hip, spine and wrist, become porous, more fragile and can break more easily.
Treating osteoporosis involves treating and preventing fractures, and using medicines to strengthen bones.
Medication
- Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid) slow the rate that bone is broken down in your body to maintain bone density and reduces your risk of a broken bone. They come in tablet form or via injections.
- Calcium and Vitamin D may also be also prescribed. Calcium is the main mineral found in bone, and having enough calcium is important for healthy bones. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium.
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Hormone Replacement Therapy or HRT is sometimes taken by women with osteoporosis who are going through menopause, which sees a higher incidence of osteoporosis symptoms. HRT has been shown to keep bones strong and they reduce the risk of breaking a bone during treatment.
Lifestyle Management
- Exercise: Weight-bearing (walking, dancing) and muscle-strengthening exercises improve bone strength and balance.
- Nutrition:
- Adequate calcium (from food or supplements if needed).
- Adequate vitamin D to help the body absorb calcium.
- Fall prevention: Improving home safety, vision correction, and balance training to reduce the risk of falls and fractures.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol: Both smoking and drinking excessive amounts of alcohol accelerate bone loss.
