Lung cancer is the cancer of the lung and is a condition where a malignant tumour is present in the tissues of the lungs. The lungs are located on either side of the chest and receive oxygen from the air when we breathe and transfers it into the bloodstream. They also transfer the carbon dioxide in our body to the atmosphere when we exhale. Most lung cancer cases are caused by long-term tobacco smoking. Lung cancer may also be determined by genetic factors and exposure to various chemicals and air pollution.
Lung cancer is usually used to describe two main kinds: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.
The most common types of lung cancer, it accounts for over 80% of cancer cases. Common types of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer include adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
This type of cancer grows more quickly and is harder to treat than NSCLC. It is often found as a small tumor on the lung that has already spread to other parts of the body.
Other types of cancer that may begin in your lungs include lymphomas, sarcomas, and pleural mesothelioma.
Most lung cancer symptoms look similar to other, less serious illnesses. Some may not experience any symptoms till the lung cancer is advanced while others may have symptoms in the early stage. Some symptoms you may notice is:
There are several factors that may increase your risk of lung cancer, with smoking any kind of tobacco products being the biggest one. Cigarette smoking is linked to approximately 80% of lung cancer cases.
Other risk factors include:
Biopsy
A biopsy is done on suspicious tumours or growths in the lungs to check the lungs for signs of cancer.
Blood Test
A complete blood count blood test will be done to check for white blood cell increase which could be a sign of cancer.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests are done with ultrasound or CT scan to check the lungs for abnormalities.