What is Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI)?
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a viral or bacterial illness in the upper part of your respiratory system, which includes your nose, sinuses and throat. The upper portion of your respiratory system is susceptible to many bacteria and viruses that can cause a range of symptoms. They can easily spread by being in contact with other people. and are often transferred by sneezing or coughing.
The most common URTI is the common cold. Other types of URTIs include:
- Sinusitis: An infection or inflammation of the sinuses.
- Rhinitis: An inflammation of the nasal passages.
- Laryngitis: An infection or inflammation of the voice box or vocal cords.
- Pharyngitis: Also known as a "sore throat", which affects the back of your throat.
What are the symptoms of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI)?
If you are suffering from an URTI, some common symptoms you may experience include:
- Fever
- Cough
- Phlegm
- Sneezing, runny or blocked nose
- Body aches
- Headaches
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Loss of appetite
- Fatigue
- Sore throat
You should seek emergency medical attention if you experience the following symptoms:
- High fever
- Difficulty breathing
- Chest pain
- Wheezing
- Dizziness
- Retractions
- Confusions
What causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI)?
URTI is caused by viruses or bacteria that infect the nose and throat. You may catch a URTI if you:
- Touch an object that someone with a cold has touched recently, and touch your nose, mouth or eyes afterwards before washing your hands.
- Are around someone with a cold who is sneezing or coughing.
Some viruses responsible for causing URTI include the rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and coronavirus.
What are the risk factors of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI)?
Anyone can get sick from URTI but some have a higher risk than others. Factors include:
- Age: Older adults and young children are at a higher risk of URTI.
- Existing medical conditions: People with weakened immune systems, disabilities, and pregnant women are more like to develop URTI.
How do you prevent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI)?
You can reduce your risk of getting or spreading upper respiratory infections by:
- Staying up to date on all recommended vaccinations
- Washing your hands frequently
- Disinfecting surfaces
- Wearing a mask around people if you are sick
How is Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) diagnosed?
Physical Examination
Your healthcare provider will conduct a physical examination to check your lungs, sinuses, throat and ears.
