What is Esophageal Cancer?
Esophageal cancer starts in the esophagus, the long, hollow tube that runs from the throat to the stomach. The esophagus moves chewed food from the back of the throat to the stomach to be digested. Esophageal cancer usually begins in the cells lining the inside of the esophagus, but it can happen anywhere along the esophagus.
What symptoms does Esophageal Cancer have?
Esophageal cancer may not cause symptoms early on. Symptoms usually appear after the disease is advanced. Some signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer include:
- Difficulty swallowing
- Chest pain
- Coughing or hoarseness
- Unexplained weight loss
- Worsening heartburn or indigestion
What are the risk factors of Esophageal Cancer?
Conditions and habits that cause irritation in the esophagus are risk factors for esophageal cancer. Some risk factors may include:
- Drinking very hot liquids
- Bile reflux
- Difficulty swallowing
- Drinking alcohol
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Obesity
- Smoking
How do you prevent Esophageal Cancer?
There is no definitive way to prevent esophageal cancer but there are steps you can take to lower your risk:
- Drink in moderation: If you do drink alcohol, avoid drinking excessively. For adults, men are recommended to drink up to two drinks and day, and women are recommended to drink up to one drink a day.
- Eat more fruits and vegetables: Have a healthy diet with a variety of fruits and vegetables. Avoid taking large doses of vitamins in pill form, get vitamin and nutrients from food sources instead.
- Exercise regularly: Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise a few days per week.
- Stop smoking: The chemicals in cigarettes and other tobacco products are toxic and will negatively impact your body. Talk to your healthcare provider on tips and aids to help you quit. If you have never smoked, don't start.
How is Esophageal Cancer diagnosed?
Biopsy
A biopsy of the esophagus will be done on cell samples and tumors that may be indicative of cancer.
