Renal Medicine

Kidney failure is a condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter fluids and waste from the body. Acute kidney failure happens quickly when the kidneys stop functioning suddenly. Chronic kidney failure happens when the disease has persisted and worsened over a long period of time.

Kidney stones are made from mineral deposits in the urine that are the result of a change in the PH balance of the urine. Calcium stones are the most common type and are the hardest to break down. Kidney stones are created due to several reasons, one of which is inadequate water intake, causing a higher level of mineral deposits in the urine leading to the formation of kidney stones. Other reasons include diseases like gout and inflammatory bowel disease that disrupt the regular chemical balance of urine.

​Internal Medicine is concerned with the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of disorders of the internal structures of the body - the heart, lungs, the liver and gastro-intestinal tract, the kidneys and urinary tract, the brain, the spinal column, nerves, muscles and joints.

Chemical chemistry is concerned with the analysis of liquids originating from inside the body including blood, saliva, mucus, urine, semen, vaginal fluids and other body tissues that are involved in the transmission of human disease. 

Kidney failure is a condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter fluids and waste from the body. Dialysis is a treatment that replaces your kidney functions when they stop doing their job. Hemodialysis is done at a dialysis facility where your blood is put through a filter outside your body, cleaned, and then returned to you. 

Kidney stones are made from mineral deposits in the urine that are the result of a change in the ph balance of the urine. Calcium stones are the most common typeand are the hardest to break down. Treatment for kidney stones depends on the size of stone. Small stones can be passed naturally. Larger stones require surgery and common surgical procedures that remove larger stones include Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL), Ureteroscopy and Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). All three procedures are performed under general anesthesia.